A permanent magnet synchronous traction motor carries roughly 1–2 kg of Nd-Fe-B per vehicle, before the thirty-odd other components — power steering, pumps, ABS, sensors, speakers — that each carry their own. Dr Gopalan's research addresses the traction magnet supply problem directly.
Actuation systems, turbine components, and defence electronics demand the highest-spec Sm-Co and Nd-Fe-B grades — materials Dr Gopalan developed for strategic applications.
Collaborative robots and servo motors require high-density, thermally-stable permanent magnets at scale.
Permanent magnet mass runs to roughly 650 kg/MW in low-speed direct drive, about 160 kg/MW at mid speed and around 80 kg/MW in high-speed geared designs — the drivetrain choice moves rare-earth exposure by a factor of eight before anyone negotiates a price. Offshore machines then run them in a salt-laden environment that puts coating and corrosion performance on the critical path.
Sm-Co magnets in missile guidance (Prithvi), satellite servo accelerometers, momentum wheels — the most supply-chain-sensitive magnet consumer.
MRI and imaging systems, surgical robotics, infusion and ventricular assist pumps, hearing aids and dental retention — Nd-Fe-B in both high-field and miniaturised forms, qualified under medical-grade traceability and biocompatible coating requirements.
Conveyor systems, magnetic separators, and linear actuators — foundational to smart factory infrastructure globally.
Miniaturised magnets in speakers, haptics, and wearables — volume-driven, ESG-scrutinised supply chains.
Figures compiled September 2026 and attributed on each card. Where no sector-level magnet forecast exists from a source worth citing, an engineering figure is given instead. Analyst forecasts for the same segment routinely differ by a factor of two — treat any single number as an indication, and ask us for the workings before you plan against it.
